[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"question:93:en-US":3},{"metadata":4,"sys":15,"fields":35},{"tags":5,"concepts":14},[6,11],{"sys":7},{"type":8,"linkType":9,"id":10},"Link","Tag","global",{"sys":12},{"type":8,"linkType":9,"id":13},"oceans",[],{"space":16,"id":20,"type":21,"createdAt":22,"updatedAt":23,"environment":24,"publishedVersion":28,"revision":29,"contentType":30,"locale":34},{"sys":17},{"type":8,"linkType":18,"id":19},"Space","ghhpjogyw4x7","8af49c12be52dc79f75d54582a1d1200","Entry","2022-01-03T12:59:18.023Z","2023-11-27T09:06:16.665Z",{"sys":25},{"id":26,"type":8,"linkType":27},"master","Environment",232,17,{"sys":31},{"type":8,"linkType":32,"id":33},"ContentType","question","en-US",{"globalId":36,"answers":37,"answersAsImages":57,"wrongPercentage":94,"name":95,"questionText":96,"statistics":97,"veryWrongStatistics":99,"correctSentence":101,"youWereWrong":102,"youWereRight":103,"dataSourceShortText":104,"dataSourceLinkLongText":105,"extendedAnswerText":106,"headingVeryWrong":107,"youWereVeryWrong":108,"headingWrong":107},"93",[38,60,77],{"metadata":39,"sys":42,"fields":55},{"tags":40,"concepts":41},[],[],{"space":43,"id":45,"type":21,"createdAt":46,"updatedAt":47,"environment":48,"publishedVersion":50,"revision":51,"contentType":52,"locale":34},{"sys":44},{"type":8,"linkType":18,"id":19},"c537650a6766a8d53eb0b97e69304cb9","2022-01-04T09:15:12.606Z","2023-11-15T09:38:05.694Z",{"sys":49},{"id":26,"type":8,"linkType":27},13,6,{"sys":53},{"type":8,"linkType":32,"id":54},"answer",{"globalId":56,"correctAnswer":57,"isVeryWrong":58,"answerText":59},"93-a1",false,true,"49 countries",{"metadata":61,"sys":64,"fields":74},{"tags":62,"concepts":63},[],[],{"space":65,"id":67,"type":21,"createdAt":68,"updatedAt":69,"environment":70,"publishedVersion":50,"revision":51,"contentType":72,"locale":34},{"sys":66},{"type":8,"linkType":18,"id":19},"e809605bc79ab0d535f94061886647e4","2022-01-04T09:15:12.638Z","2023-11-15T09:38:12.207Z",{"sys":71},{"id":26,"type":8,"linkType":27},{"sys":73},{"type":8,"linkType":32,"id":54},{"globalId":75,"correctAnswer":57,"isVeryWrong":57,"answerText":76},"93-a2","109 countries",{"metadata":78,"sys":81,"fields":91},{"tags":79,"concepts":80},[],[],{"space":82,"id":84,"type":21,"createdAt":85,"updatedAt":86,"environment":87,"publishedVersion":50,"revision":51,"contentType":89,"locale":34},{"sys":83},{"type":8,"linkType":18,"id":19},"cf5d001ae2cf744bfe9a3f9520fc2608","2022-01-04T09:15:12.673Z","2023-11-15T09:38:19.238Z",{"sys":88},{"id":26,"type":8,"linkType":27},{"sys":90},{"type":8,"linkType":32,"id":54},{"globalId":92,"correctAnswer":58,"isVeryWrong":57,"answerText":93},"93-a3","169 countries",77,"Law of the sea","How many countries have ratified the Law of the Sea, a UN convention introduced in 1982? (There are 195 countries.)",[98],"uk 0.77",[100],"uk 0.38","Since it was introduced in 1982, 169 countries have ratified the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea ","It's hard to draw borders in the water as fish and ships move across freely. Countries need to regulate what can be done and who should do what. Most countries collaborate to do this, at least on paper.  ","They don’t realize how many countries have agreed about basic rules for the oceans.","Source: UN","Even though the Law of the Sea was written in 1982, it didn’t come into force until 1994 because of disputes between different nations - mostly about the deep sea bed (where drilling for fossil fuels takes place). Even the countries that haven’t signed, mostly because of domestic politics (such as the US), comply with most of the convention because a lot of it is part of general international law. This convention is also important for landlocked countries, as it guarantees that they have the right of access to and from the sea via other countries, using any form of transport for the purpose of exercising the rights provided for in the Convention.[2]\n\n[1]  [UN - Chronological lists of ratifications of, accessions and successions to the Convention and the related Agreements](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.un.org\u002Fdepts\u002Flos\u002Freference_files\u002Fchronological_lists_of_ratifications.htm#The%20United%20Nations%20Convention%20on%20the%20Law%20of%20the%20Sea)\n[2]  [United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea - Part X\nPart XI. Section 1.](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.un.org\u002Fdepts\u002Flos\u002Fconvention_agreements\u002Ftexts\u002Funclos\u002Fpart10.htm)","We might take it for granted that the waters off the coast of a country belong to that particular country, and that ships get to pass peacefully throughout the ocean without being stopped by gunships from a different country when they cross into a different territory. But these are actually rules written in the UN’s Convention on the Law of the Sea, which most countries have signed on to.\n\nFish and ships move freely across borders we try to draw in the water. To avoid over-exploiting common resources, the oceans must be regulated in a different way than land. What can be done and who is allowed to do what? Most people have no idea that most countries already agree on the basic rules.\n\nThere have been very few disputes when it comes to the Law of the Sea over the years. However, because of issues some countries had with the rules in the convention, it took 12 years from it being written in 1982 to it actually being enforced in 1994.\n\nWhile it can be argued that the convention has been a success when it comes to armed disputes, the part of the law that says each country has a responsibility to preserve the marine environment could be seen as less successful. We only have to hear stories about dying coral and polluted seas to know that more needs to be done by every country to protect the marine environment.\n\n### Which countries have not signed?\nSome of the countries that haven't ratified are the US, Colombia, Israel, Peru, Turkey and Venezuela. The list of signatories is [here.](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.un.org\u002Fdepts\u002Flos\u002Freference_files\u002Fchronological_lists_of_ratifications.htm#The%20United%20Nations%20Convention%20on%20the%20Law%20of%20the%20Sea)\n\n### Why is it a problem that people are wrong about this?\nWhen people underestimate the widespread adoption of UN documents, they don't realize that the UN is a very useful platform for achieving global stability and agreements. Instead many assume that others don't want to collaborate. We need even better global agreements to protect the common natural resources under the sea and the fish stocks that don't belong to any particular country. To protect the common resources, there's no better platform than the UN, but people won't support its further development if they don't realize how well it has worked so far.\n\n### Why are people wrong about this?\nMany people underestimate how truly global UN collaborations are. Almost all treaties we ask about are completely underestimated. They have little faith that countries can make agreements on a large scale that can be successful.\n\n### Can I trust this fact?\nYes, it's based on official documents. All the countries who have ratified it, acceded or succeeded to the treaty are listed by the UN [here.](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.un.org\u002Fdepts\u002Flos\u002Freference_files\u002Fchronological_lists_of_ratifications.htm#The%20United%20Nations%20Convention%20on%20the%20Law%20of%20the%20Sea)\n","Most are on board","You completely underestimate how many countries have agreed about basic rules for the oceans."]